Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素,AbMole,M2053)是一種源自真菌的甾體代謝物,作為磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)家族的強(qiáng)效共價(jià)抑制劑,能不可逆地結(jié)合PI3K催化亞基。Wortmannin還能抑制同屬PI3K家族的DNA依賴性蛋白激酶(DNA-PK)和共濟(jì)失調(diào)毛細(xì)血管擴(kuò)張癥突變激酶(ATM)。在生物學(xué)活性上,
Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素,AbMole,M2053)通過(guò)阻斷PI3K/Akt信號(hào)通路的磷酸化級(jí)聯(lián)反應(yīng),進(jìn)而調(diào)控細(xì)胞增殖、遷移、凋亡、自噬及能量代謝等生物學(xué)過(guò)程;Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素)還能通過(guò)抑制DNA-PK和ATM,阻斷DNA雙鏈斷裂(DSB)的非同源末端連接(NHEJ)修復(fù)途徑,導(dǎo)致DNA損傷累積和基因組不穩(wěn)定性增加,通過(guò)上述機(jī)制增強(qiáng)腫瘤細(xì)胞對(duì)放射或化學(xué)損傷的敏感性。
在細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn)中,
Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素,AbMole,M2053)在小鼠來(lái)源的DNA-PK缺陷型細(xì)胞中,在20–50 μM的濃度范圍內(nèi)誘導(dǎo)了劑量依賴性的DNA雙鏈斷裂(DSBs)[1]。Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素)還在結(jié)直腸癌SW620、HCT-15及COLO320DM細(xì)胞系中,聯(lián)合5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)顯著抑制遷移活性并誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡[2]。在3T3-L1脂肪細(xì)胞胰島素抵抗模型中,Wortmannin以2 nM的低濃度即可顯著降低葡萄糖消耗及脂聯(lián)素水平[3]。Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素)在小鼠腎臟缺血再灌注模型中以1.14 mg/kg的劑量有效抑制動(dòng)物體內(nèi)的PI3K信號(hào)通路,并影響了修復(fù)過(guò)程,為闡述缺血后的修復(fù)機(jī)制提供了重要線索[4]。Wortmannin(0.7 mg/kg)還在小鼠胰腺癌異種抑制模型中抑制了PKB/AKT通路,并增強(qiáng)了動(dòng)物體內(nèi)胰腺癌對(duì)Gemcitabine(吉西他濱; LY 188011) 的敏感性[5]。Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素)還能以1 mg/kg的劑量增敏小鼠肝癌細(xì)胞對(duì)放射的反應(yīng)[6]。
范例詳解
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Sep 23;12:749930.
AbMole的
Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素,AbMole,M2053)在該文章中作為PI3K抑制劑,用于驗(yàn)證Carbamazepine(CBZ,NSC 169864)誘導(dǎo)血小板減少癥的機(jī)制。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,CBZ通過(guò)激活 PI3K/Akt/PDE3A信號(hào)通路,抑制PKA活性,從而誘導(dǎo)血小板凋亡和血小板減少癥。而Wortmannin能部分逆轉(zhuǎn)這種作用,進(jìn)一步證實(shí)了PI3K/Akt/PDE3A信號(hào)通路是CBZ的關(guān)鍵靶點(diǎn)之一。這些結(jié)果為Carbamazepine誘導(dǎo)的血小板減少癥的研究提供了新的思路和靶點(diǎn)。

圖1. PI3K/Akt/PDE3A signaling pathway plays an essential role in CBZ-reduced PKA activity[7].
參考文獻(xiàn)及鳴謝
[1] Ihara, M.; Shichijo, K.; Takeshita, S.; et al. Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, induces accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks. Journal of radiation research 2020, 61 (2), 171-176.
[2] Bani, N.; Rahmani, F.; Shakour, N.; et al. Wortmannin Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry 2024, 24 (12), 916-927.
[3] Meng, Q.; Qi, X.; Chao, Y.; et al. IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway signal involved in the regulation of glycolipid metabolic abnormalities by Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf extracts in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Chinese medicine 2020, 15, 1.
[4] Zheng, X.; Xie, L.; Qin, J.; et al. Effects of wortmannin on phosphorylation of PDK1, GSK3-β, PTEN and expression of Skp2 mRNA after ischemia/reperfusion injury in the mouse kidney. 2008, 40 (1), 185-192.
[5] Ng, S. S.; Tsao, M.-S.; Nicklee, T.; et al. Wortmannin inhibits pkb/akt phosphorylation and promotes gemcitabine antitumor activity in orthotopic human pancreatic cancer xenografts in immunodeficient mice. 2001, 7 (10), 3269-3275.
[6] Kim, W.; Seong, J.; An, J. H.; et al. Enhancement of tumor radioresponse by wortmannin in C3H/HeJ hepatocarcinoma. 2007, 48 (3), 187-195.
[7] Xiao, W.; Zhou, K.; Yang, M.; et al. Carbamazepine Induces Platelet Apoptosis and Thrombocytopenia Through Protein Kinase A. Frontiers in pharmacology 2021, 12, 749930.